ABBAS-Adediran H, Atawodi S E, Onyike E, Agbaji A S
Jatropha curcas seed cake was processed using different methods of detoxification treatments (Hexane extraction + 95% ethanol extraction+ Autoclaving; 2% sodium hydroxide; 92% ethanol extraction + Autoclaving; 2% sodium hydroxide + days fermentation).the proximate composition and antinutrient of the untreated and treated Jatropha curcas cake were determined. The crude protein (CP) content of the untreated Jatropha curcas cake was 10.12±0.012g/100g while (Ethanol + Autoclaving) showed reduction of 8.16±0.02g/100g (Hex+Autoclaving+Ethanol); (2% NaOH) and (NaOH+ fermentation) showed increased in protein contents of 10.16±0.01g/100g, 12.62±0.02g/100g, 12.81±0.01g/100g respectively. Lipid content were 9.15±0.02g/100g, 5.81±0.01g/100g, 4.13±0.01g/100g, 3.14±0.01g/100g, 3.72±0.02g/100g, 3.67±0,02g/100g (Control; Ethanol+Auclaving; Hex+Autoclaving+Ethanol; NaOH; NaOH+fermentation) respectively. The antinutrient values were reduced more in the solvent treatments than the chemical treatment with Ethanol+Autoclaving causing the highest reduction in antinutrient levels compared to other treatments. Fish (Clarias gariepinus) divided into groups of 20 each were fed processed Jatropha curcas supplemented diets at a rate of 0, 5%, 10%, 20% respectively, with biweekly monitoring. All fish on 20% Jatropha curcas supplemented died within 24days irrespective of the processing method. After 56days, the average weight gain was 82.35±0.74g (Control feed), 25.00±1.33g (92%Ethanol+Autoclaving), 20.49±1.07g (2%Sodium hydroxide+fermentation), 15.62±0.63g (Hexane+ 95% Ethanol+Autoclaving) and (2% Sodium hydroxide). These findings suggest that processing with 92% ethanol prior to autoclaving is the best method for detoxifying Jatropha curcas cake utilized in fish feed.
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