Kaleb Dana Hebana, Shiferaw Bekele, Sintayehu Asaye Biya, Fanta Obsa, Temesgen Anjulo Ageru*
Background: Metabolic syndrome is a group of medical and biological abnormalities that lead to a high risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and liver infections. It is a grouping of many clinical features, including central obesity, high blood pressure, high concentrations of fasting glucose and triglycerides, low level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and insulin resistance. However, there is an information gap in the less developed countries, including Ethiopia, for patients and clinicians. Hence, this study aimed to assess metabolic syndrome and its associated factors among adult patients attending outpatients’ clinics at Wolaita Sodo Comprehensive Specialized hospital.
Method: Institutional based cross-sectional study was carried out from November 02, 2020 to January 30, 2021. A randomly selected 327 adults attending outpatient clinics at Wolaita Sodo Comprehensive Specialized Hospital were included in the study. Pretested questionnaire were used to gather data on socio-demographic, anthropometric measurement, and biochemical parameters. Variables with P-value <0.25 in the bivariate logistic were taken into multivariable logistic regression analysis along with 95% confidence interval and Odds Ratio was used to examine the association between Metabolic syndrome and independent variables. P -value< 0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Result: The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome in this study was 52.6% with 95%CI (42.5%-65.1%). Factors associated with Metabolic Syndrome among adult patients were female 65.1% as compared to men, 42.5% (AOR= 5.13, 95%CI=1.75- 14.98), older age groups of 43-59 and 60-88 (AOR=4.53, 95%CI=1.77-11.62) and (AOR=8.62, 95% CI=2.36-31.59) respectively. The occurrence of metabolic syndrome increased 7.80 fold in overweight and 12.8 fold in obese individuals (AOR=7.80, 95%=6.29-9.67) and (AOR= 12.82, 95%CI=4.96-33.14) respectively. The lack of regular exercise (AOR=2.57, 95%CI=1.44-4.59), smoking cigarettes (AOR=2.09, 95%CI=1.30- 3.36) and alcohol drinking (AOR=3.34, 95%CI= 1.83-6.12) were significantly associated with increased the risk of metabolic syndrome.
Conclusion: More than half of adult patients have metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in women is higher than in men and increases with age. Periodic screening and regular physical activity should be recommended
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